If this disease occurs, see your doctor and read this article.
Worms are called parasitic worms that live from other animals and plants, feeding and reproducing in living organisms. According to statistics, every third inhabitant of the planet has this parasite. Scientists argue that no such adult has not had worms all his life. Consider how to get rid of worms, what types are there, how to detect and prevent them. Note that worms (ascariasis, enterobiasis) are a common problem, especially in childhood, and you should not panic.
Types of worms in humans
Helminths - the scientific name for worms - have their own subspecies. The most common helminths are cream worms, ringworms. Let's take a look at them.
Cream worms
Cream worms are called helminths that affect the human intestine. They are the most well -known and widespread species. Reproduction of these helminths leads to the development of the disease - enterobiasis. Preschool children and school children are most susceptible to cream worm infections.
Common signs of the presence of helminths in the body:
- itchy sensation in the anus;
- abdominal pain cramps, usually mild;
- decreased appetite;
- fecal violation;
- insomnia and weakness;
- allergic reactions that do not disappear after the use of anti -allergic drugs;
- an absurd cough.
Methods of infection: contact and household routes. Infection occurs when eggs are ingested with food. Self -infection is very important - when brushing an itchy anus, pinworm eggs fall under the nail and are then swallowed. Adults can also be infected from children later.
Ascariasis
Ascariasis is a large family of parasitic ringworms. These worms live from 10 to 24 months, after which, partially decompose, come out with feces. Organs of the gastrointestinal tract are most often affected, causing ascariasis. The preferred habitat for adults is the small intestine.
Giardiasis
Giardiasis - A disease caused by lamblia, a parasite in the small intestine of humans and some animals. Giardia exists in two forms: mobile (vegetative) and immobile (cyst form). The mobile lamblia form has 4 pairs of flagella and a sucking disc, which is attached to the mucous membrane of the small intestine. It lives in the human body in the duodenum (small intestine).
Causes of worms in humans
The main factors of infection with helminthiases are:
- Not adhering to basic hygiene rules, especially hand washing.
- Bad habits. These include biting nails, licking fingers, holding various objects (pens, pencils) in the mouth.
- Pet care is inadequate, especially pets in the yard, as they can be carriers of infection. After the walk, cats and dogs need to wipe their feet, bathe in a timely manner, take them for inspection and select appropriate food.
- Drink raw and unfiltered water from unreliable sources.
- Unprocessed vegetables, fruits and vegetables before meals;
- Poorly processed meat and fish products.
- Close contact with infected people.
- Sandbox - in it live worms. Sandboxes in playgrounds should be kept away from cats and dogs.
Why are worms dangerous?
Thanks to modern medicine, it is possible to detect the disease in time, get rid of it, therefore, serious consequences are a rare phenomenon. Worms can cause the following phenomena:
- intestinal obstruction;
- allergic rash;
- tendency to poisoning;
- development of anemia;
- deterioration of health;
- weight reduction;
- lowering the percentage of hydrochloric acid in gastric juice.
Helminthic invasion can provoke weight loss, pale shade, itching of the anal canal Complications depend on the type of parasite and the degree of infection. The appearance of helminths in children and during pregnancy is very dangerous.
How to tell if there are worms
It is important to detect helminthic attacks as early as possible, which significantly increases the effectiveness of treatment and prevents the development of complications.
Basic diagnostic methods:
- stool analysis for intestinal parasites (ascariasis);
- scrap analysis for cream worm eggs (enterobiasis);
- blood tests for the determination of specific antibodies against worms (immunoglobulin detection - ELISA) - intestinal and tissue parasites. The most revealing study.
Reanalysis should be performed no earlier than 14 days after anthelmintic treatment. Usually, patients are given a combination of several tests to identify parasites. Recovery criteria were considered to be negative ELISA results and some negative results of the study of the biological environment in which the worm was detected.
Pay attention! Requirements for preparation of biomaterials (feces for intestinal parasites):
- Prepare a sterile container. Now they have made a special container equipped with a suitable spoon. You can buy it at any pharmacy;
- Do not use laxatives;
- Feces were collected in the morning before testing;
- It is not possible to let urine enter the stool, therefore, it is very important to urinate before the process.
- It is necessary to collect material from various parts of the last part.
- Put in the prepared container about a tablespoon of feces (10-15 g).
- Send the container to the lab as soon as possible - so -called "warm stools".
Scraping enterobasisperformed in the morning, in the child's bed, before the morning evacuation and hygiene procedure. A transparent narrow tape was applied, which was glued with the sticky side to the perianal fold, and then, with the same side as the biomaterial, glued to a clean, dry slide. Do not use colored or matte sticky seams.
Methods of dealing with worms
Infectious disease specialists or parasitologists are involved in the treatment of parasitic attacks. But you should not immediately see a doctor with a narrow specialization: it is better to contact a pediatrician or therapist. He or she will appoint a number of studies and, if necessary, refer to a parasitologist or gastroenterologist.
If worms are detected in children, it is important to carry out antihelminthic therapy for all family members.
When worms are found, doctors prescribe antiparasitic agents aimed at combating certain types of worms. Modern medicine is effective against worms at every stage of the life cycle: adults, larvae and eggs. In most cases (e. g. , ascariasis), a single dose of the pill is sufficient, but sometimes it is necessary to undergo medication - its treatment is developed by a specialist doctor.
Can not violate the tactics of treatment prescribed by a doctor - this can lead to the fact that worm eggs remain in the body, which in the future will attack again.
What pills can be used
Modern medicine is presented in the form of tablets or suspensions for children.
The method of use for all drugs is different. It is important to read the instructions carefully and follow them clearly. Another thing is contraindications. Contraindications based on various liver diseases, pregnancy and lactation. Ideally, discuss this with your doctor.
The drug chosen by the attending physician depends on the type of worm, the characteristics of the organism, the degree of infection, the age of the patient. Not always, to repel worms, there are enough antelmintic drugs. In some cases, complex treatments are prescribed.
After its vital activity, the worm causes damage to our body. Therefore, it is important not only to carry out anthelmintic therapy, but also to cleanse the body of toxins formed during the death of worms.
Killed helminths secrete decomposition products, which are among the most potent intestinal poisons. Allergic reactions may occur, the formation and outflow of bile is disrupted, peristalsis of the gastrointestinal tract suffers, which manifests itself in the form of "lazy intestine" or, conversely, its excessive activity - diarrhea - "leaky intestine". The body's resistance to viruses and bacteria is decreased, chronic latent infections are activated.
Along with antiparasitic agents, drugs that improve the condition of the gastrointestinal tract, vitamins to relieve vitamin deficiency, antihistamines (in case of allergic reactions), hepatoprotectors, choleretics and sorbents can be prescribed.
Currently, in pharmacy warehouses, you can buy phyto complexes that combine all these effects.
Let's see what kind of medicinal plants will help us get rid of helminths.
Treatment with folk remedies
Pumpkin seeds and honey
Pumpkin seeds have long been known in folk medicine, its pharmacological properties have been confirmed experimentally and clinically. The seeds are used to fight a variety of tapeworms (pig and dwarf tapeworms, broad tapeworms) and cream worms.
The main pharmacological active ingredient that determines the anthelmintic effect of pumpkin seeds is the amino compound cucurbitin (3-amino-3-carboxypyrrolidine), the content of which in the seeds reaches 0. 1-0. 3%, depending on the pumpkin variety.
- To combat worms, 300. 0 peeled seeds are taken in small portions on an empty stomach for 1 hour (you can grind in a mortar, always with green shells and mix with 50-100. 0 honey).
- After 3 hours, a laxative was given, after 0. 5 hours an enema was given.
- Children aged 3-4 years were given 75. 0 seeds;
- 5-7 years - 100. 0;
- 8-10 years - 150. 0;
- 10-15 years-200. 0-250. 0.
Sow garlic
Garlic, a beneficial nutrient that is known around the world, is most abundant in various countries. Garlic (Allium sativum L. ) contains phytonutides, the main ones being allicin, geraniol, rutin, quercetin. Garlic has a general strengthening effect, stimulates immunity, has anthelmintic, antimicrobial, antiviral and fungicidal activity, increases motor activity and secretion of the gastrointestinal tract, suppresses fermentation and putrefaction in the intestine.
Yarrow
The beneficial properties of yarrow are expressed in choleretic action, increased production of gastric juice, increased appetite. Thanks to its antispasmodic effect, the yarrow ingredient is used to reduce pain caused by intestinal cramps.
Long turmeric
Turmeric has been used in traditional Indian Ayurvedic medicine as a remedy for many ailments, including colds, stomach ulcers, liver disease, and to heal skin wounds. Turmeric is rich in essential oils, its constituent components are innate, known for its strong antiseptic effect, as well as fallandrene, tsingiberen, curcumin and others. It also contains vitamins in high concentrations (vitamins -% of daily value): B6 - 90%; C - 28%; E - 20. 7%; B1 - 10%. The safe daily dose of turmeric is 1 teaspoon. Daily intake of turmeric improves digestion, stimulates the gallbladder (turmeric should not be used for cholelithiasis, because the spice causes an increase in bile flow) and lowers blood cholesterol levels.
Ordinary cumin
In modern medicine, cumin fruit is used to treat diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, intestinal atonia, bloating. This plant is used for spasms of the bile ducts. The caraway fruit is part of a carminative, gastric, appetizing and other collection.
Recipe
- The infusion is prepared at the rate of 2-3 teaspoons of cumin seeds in a glass of boiling water.
- Insist 45 minutes and take 2-3 tbsp. spoon (children 1 teaspoon). 5-6 times a day before meals.
Prevention of helminthiasis
In order not to be exposed to parasites, you must follow the rules of hygiene: change modern linens, take a regular bath, and wash your hands. It is better to spray household items with antiseptic.
It is important to eat the right foods and deal with them well. Be careful with fish and meat. During bowel movements, fish should be carefully inspected for eggs and worms, and separate boards should be used for slaughtering raw fish and meat. In spring and summer, it is important to wash vegetables and berries thoroughly from the garden.
You will also need to do regular spring cleaning. Drink only proven water and treat your pet neatly and properly. The primary caregiver - the immune system - also needs help and care.
If there are animals in the house, then all family members should do prophylaxis against worms, be sure to include the most beloved pet.